If you want to learn about entrepreneurship in a way that emphasizes action, this new edition is vital reading. If you have already launched your entrepreneurial career and are looking for new perspectives, take the effectual entrepreneurship challenge! this book is for you. If you feel that you are no longer creating anything novel or valuable in your day job, and you're wondering how to change things, this book is for you.
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This study aims to respond to repeated calls for more process-focused research on effectual entrepreneurship. It illustrates how effectuation takes place, particularly through gaining the commitment of actors with diverse resources, knowledge and needs in a context characterized by power disparities. It illuminates the ethical concerns faced by effectual entrepreneurs and the impact these concerns could have on the service design.
The authors identify four key elements of the effectual process, in which entrepreneurs aim to elicit commitment while reconciling potentially conflicting demands of the actors involved: surfacing needs; value framing; co-creation; and joint affordable loss. The authors show how the acquisition of commitment has a consequential impact on subsequent steps of effectual entrepreneurship. The authors highlight how the interdependence of entrepreneurs, their services, clients and end-users impacts the availability of means and goals. More importantly, the authors also demonstrate how resource dependence, knowledge disparities and power imbalance between actors partaking in effectual entrepreneurship can lead to numerous ethical concerns and result in suboptimal service designs.
This study demonstrates the dark side of effectual entrepreneurship in a resource-constrained environment. The authors show how power disparities and resource-dependence can lead to ethical dilemmas and inferior service designs, where entrepreneurs follow the lead of influential and resource-abundant stakeholders at the expense of the end-users.
This article is structured as follows: first, we briefly examine a central problematic of robotics, that is whether we should control this innovative technology by assigning purposes and ethics for responsible innovation; we then introduce the capability approach arguing that society will be minimally good if we share values concerning central human capabilities; we then explain the effectual process by which stakeholders collaboratively formulate new purposes and plans, and distinguish it from the causation process, which is controlling or optimising a plan with a purpose. Robotics is gradually permeating those two human processes through autonomous learning. Finally, we argue that central human capabilities and the effectual process can influence each other. We conclude that the notion of central human capabilities not only reveals the permissible action range of robotics entrepreneurship, but also positively stimulates it.
In this section, we will discuss the collaborative design process among stakeholders using robotics. This can be modelled as an effectual process, which has been proposed in recent entrepreneurship research.
By merging the capability approach with effectual process in this way, we believe that we can determine a permissible range for goals and purposes/activities under robotics entrepreneurship. If AI robots are to live with human beings, their artificial intelligence should be ethical in terms of this permissible range. Despite ongoing efforts to implement ethics for AI robots, it is unlikely that AI robots will become moral agents in the way that humans are. Nonetheless, they can be given the end goals of behaving as limited moral agents by human beings.
Therefore, we argue that stakeholders in robotics entrepreneurship must not only use some kind of capability-effectuation approach themselves, but, by equipping AI robots with this capability, they should also develop AI robots that think like a human entrepreneur concerned about ethics. We can reformulate this as the definition of the permissible action range for AI robotics entrepreneurship. Although the scope of this paper is limited in arguing that we need to set a permissible action range for robotics entrepreneurship, and that we can do so by merging the capability approach with effectual processes, we believe this is indeed a sound, albeit small, step. 2ff7e9595c
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